新形势下地勘单位实现绿色发展的研究

针对近年来国家对绿色发展的需求，从矿产资源需求现状及地勘行业新形势入手，分析了矿产勘查开发的必要性及面临的新形势，并重点阐述了新形势下地勘单位实现绿色发展的途径:引领生态优先绿色发展新理念，落实政策导向，深化绿色勘查理念，以绿色发展为指导，实现产业转型突破；支持国企致力于生态绿色发展行动，调整企业工作重点，提高绿色勘查技能，引进民营投资等混合所有制经济模式；培育高质量发展市场主体，做好人才培养、人才储备工作，强化专业技术团队建设；建立有效激励和约束机制。     

Data sharing mechanism of various mineral resources based on blockchain

Basins with various mineral resources coexisting and enriching often occupy an important strategic position. The exploration of various mineral resources is repetitive at present due to unshared data and imperfect management mechanism. This situation greatly increases the cost of energy exploitation in the country. Traditional data-sharing mode has several disadvantages, such as high cost, difficulty in confirming the right of data, and lack of incentive mechanism, which make achieving real data sharing difficult. In this paper, we propose a data-sharing mechanism based on blockchain and provide implementation suggestions and technical key points. Compared with traditional data-sharing methods, the proposed data-sharing mechanism can realize data sharing, ensure data quality, and protect intellectual property. Moreover, key points in the construction are stated in the case study section to verify the feasibility of the data-sharing system based on blockchain proposed in this paper.     

瞬变电磁井间勘探的全空间几何因子

井间是剩余油的主要分布区域,为探测井间剩余油,提高采收率,提出了基于全空间几何因子的瞬变电磁井间勘探方法。在本井使用线圈发射、邻井使用线圈接收,根据瞬变电磁场理论,在阶跃信号的激励下发射线圈在地层中激发出沿圆周方向的闭合瞬变电场,该电场在导电地层中产生与地层电导率呈正比的涡流。由Doll地层环模型可知,地层中的涡流在空间任意点激发得到与地层电导率成正比的二次场响应信号(有用信号),并可表示为空间各点电导率的加权平均值,其权重即为井间瞬变电磁勘探的全空间几何因子;全空间几何因子集中分布在发射线圈和接收线圈附近,其它区域分布较少,在发射线圈和接收线圈两侧呈现不同的极性;对瞬变电磁响应与地层电导率、井间距和源距的变化规律研究可知,瞬变电磁井间勘探有用信号随着地层电导率的增大而增大,随着井间距的增加单调减小,在发射线圈和接收线圈处于同一深度时该响应信号幅度最大。     

油藏开发地质勘探的常见问题分析

就油藏开发地质勘探的常见问题进行分析,从油藏开发的分类、油藏开发程序以及油藏储量计算等方面综合考虑影响油藏开发的因素,为现实油藏开发工程提供理论依据,提升油藏开发技术水准。     

Energy-optimal base station density in cellular access networks with sleep modes

Sleep modes are widely accepted as an effective technique for energy-efficient networking: by adequately putting to sleep and waking up network resources according to traffic demands, a proportionality between energy consumption and network utilization can be approached, with important reductions in energy consumption. Previous studies have investigated and evaluated sleep modes for wireless access networks, computing variable percentages of energy savings. In this paper we characterize the maximum energy saving that can be achieved in a cellular wireless access network under a given performance constraint. In particular, our approach allows the derivation of realistic estimates of the energy-optimal density of base stations corresponding to a given user density, under a fixed performance constraint. Our results allow different sleep mode proposals to be measured against the maximum theoretically achievable improvement. We show, through numerical evaluation, the possible energy savings in today’s networks, and we further demonstrate that even with the development of highly energy-efficient hardware, a holistic approach incorporating system level techniques is essential to achieving maximum energy efficiency.     

Interactive design exploration for constrained meshes

In architectural design, surface shapes are commonly subject to geometric constraints imposed by material, fabrication or assembly. Rationalization algorithms can convert a freeform design into a form feasible for production, but often require design modifications that might not comply with the design intent. In addition, they only offer limited support for exploring alternative feasible shapes, due to the high complexity of the optimization algorithm.We address these shortcomings and present a computational framework for interactive shape exploration of discrete geometric structures in the context of freeform architectural design. Our method is formulated as a mesh optimization subject to shape constraints. Our formulation can enforce soft constraints and hard constraints at the same time, and handles equality constraints and inequality constraints in a unified way. We propose a novel numerical solver that splits the optimization into a sequence of simple subproblems that can be solved efficiently and accurately.Based on this algorithm, we develop a system that allows the user to explore designs satisfying geometric constraints. Our system offers full control over the exploration process, by providing direct access to the specification of the design space. At the same time, the complexity of the underlying optimization is hidden from the user, who communicates with the system through intuitive interfaces.     

Numerical simulation of ammonia/methane/air combustion using reduced chemical kinetics models

Ammonia appears to be a potential alternative fuel that can be used as a hydrogen vector and fuel for gas turbines and internal combustion engines. Chemical mechanisms of ammonia combustion are important for the development of ammonia combustion systems, but also as a mean of investigation of harmful NOx emissions, so they can be minimized. Despite of large body of experimental and modelling work on the topic of ammonia combustion, there is still need for additional investigation of combustion kinetics.The object of this work is further numerical study of ammonia combustion chemistry under conditions resembling industrial ones. After literature review, three mechanisms of ammonia combustion that also include carbon chemistry are used for simulation of experimental premixed swirl burner with the aim of evaluating their performance. San Diego mechanism, that was also the most detailed one, proved to be the best in terms of emissions, but neither one of the models was able to accurately reproduce CO emission after equivalence ratio went beyond 0.81. It was also observed that oxygen is excessively consumed. This study contributes to the current knowledge by providing new insights in ammonia burning conditions closely resembling those in industrial applications, and consequently is expected that insights obtained will help in the design of real industrial burning systems.     

Exploring behavioural patterns during complex problem-solving

In this explorative study, we investigate how sequences of behaviour are related to success or failure in complex problem-solving (CPS). To this end, we analysed log data from two different tasks of the problem-solving assessment of the Programme for International Student Assessment 2012 study (n = 30,098 students). We first coded every interaction of students as (initial or repeated) exploration, (initial or repeated) goal-directed behaviour, or resetting the task. We then split the data according to task successes and failures. We used full-path sequence analysis to identify groups of students with similar behavioural patterns in the respective tasks. Double-checking and minimalistic behaviour was associated with success in CPS, while guessing and exploring task-irrelevant content was associated with failure. Our findings held for both tasks investigated, from two different CPS measurement frameworks. We thus gained detailed insight into the behavioural processes that are related to success and failure in CPS.     

探究地质矿产勘查风险原因的分析及应对对策

我国有许多种类的地质矿产资源,地质矿产资源的勘查与开发有效地促进了我国工业生产的进步。整个社会的发展对于地质矿产资源的需求也非常高,所以必须开展高效的矿产资源勘查活动。但是目前地质矿产资源勘查中经常会存在一系列的风险,会对勘查人员及整个矿床造成不同程度的损害。相关企业必须采取有效的应对策略,有效降低企业的勘查风险。本文主要是基于地质矿产勘查风险原因的分析及应对策略两方面来展开进一步论述的。     

常用物探法在矿产资源勘探中的应用

随着经济社会的不断发展,井下的多种矿产资源引起了人们的广泛重视。然而由于可开发的地质资源埋藏较深,开采难度非常大,为了有效减少成本投入,避免投资风险,在能源开发过程中,应用物探方法进行勘查是非常有必要的。下文介绍了几种常用的物探方法,对其在具体的应用过程进行探讨,希望能为相关工作的开展提供一定的参考作用。